Adaptation of telecobalt unit for stereotactic irradiation

Abstract 

We investigated the feasibility of using an isocentric telecobalt unit for advanced treatment techniques, such as stereotactic radiotherapy. To adapt the telecobalt unit (Th780 C) for stereotactic irradiation, collimator inserts of various sizes, collimator mount, and a couch mount suitable for the telecobalt unit were developed, and the characteristics of the narrow beams of Cobalt-60 (⁶⁰Co) were studied. Comparative study was carried out between the stereotactic radiotherapy plans of 6 MV and ⁶⁰Co beams using a 3-dimensional (3D) treatment planning system. The beam penumbra of ⁶⁰Co beams was found to be larger than those of 6 MV beams. The dose-volume histograms (DVH) obtained from the ⁶⁰Co beam plan were comparable to those obtained from the 6 MV plan. The DVH of nontarget tissue obtained from the plans of the 2 beams were found to be in good agreement to each other. The difference in equivalent fall-off distance (EFOD) for all 3 cases was found insignificant; hence, it can be concluded that the fall-off dose in the dose distribution of the ⁶⁰Co stereotactic plan is as good as that of the 6 MV stereotactic plan. In all 3 cases for which the treatment plans were compared between ⁶⁰Co and 6 MV beams, it was observed that the fall-off doses outside the target were similar; therefore, considering ⁶⁰Co with 5-mm margin is a cost effective alternative for the linac-based stereotactic radiotherapy.

Key Words: Stereotactic radiotherapy, Telecobalt unit, Treatment planning system, Circular collimators